Climate change is not just an environmental issue—it’s an economic one. From rising healthcare costs to damaged infrastructure and lost agricultural productivity, the financial toll of climate change is mounting. But perhaps the most pressing question is: who pays the price? While wealthier nations have historically contributed the most to greenhouse gas emissions, it’s the poorest and most vulnerable communities—often in the Global South—who suffer the greatest impacts. Floods, droughts, and extreme heatwaves devastate regions that lack the resources to adapt, deepening global inequality. Meanwhile, high-emission industries often externalize environmental costs, passing the burden to taxpayers, frontline communities, and future generations. The economics of climate change reveals a deep injustice: those least responsible are paying the most. Economists have long called for solutions such as carbon pricing, climate adaptation funds, and green stimulus packages. The idea is to internalize the environmental cost of emissions, incentivize sustainable behavior, and fund adaptation where it’s most needed. International frameworks like the Paris Agreement recognize this imbalance and have pushed for mechanisms like “loss and damage” compensation. However, implementation lags. Climate justice demands not only emission reductions but also financial equity—ensuring that those with the most power and wealth contribute fairly to a problem that affects us all.