Elephants are not just intelligent and gentle giants—they also have an extraordinary way of sensing their world. In addition to using their ears, elephants can “hear” through their feet. Their large feet contain highly sensitive nerve endings that detect low-frequency vibrations traveling through the ground. These vibrations are produced by distant thunder, approaching animals, or even other elephants communicating using infrasound—very low-frequency sounds that humans...

Urbanization and Environmental Damage Urbanization refers to the growth of cities due to increasing population and development. While urbanization improves living standards, it also causes environmental damage. The expansion of cities leads to deforestation, increased pollution, and loss of green spaces. Traffic congestion and waste generation rise rapidly, worsening air and noise pollution. Planned development, proper waste management, and creating urban green belts can reduce the harmful...

Water Pollution Water pollution is caused when untreated sewage, industrial waste, chemicals, and plastic are dumped into rivers, lakes, and oceans. Polluted water becomes unsafe for drinking and spreads diseases like cholera and typhoid. Aquatic life suffers as fish and other organisms die due to lack of oxygen and toxic substances. Water pollution also affects agriculture and food supply. Preventing water pollution requires proper waste treatment, reduced use of chemicals, and public...

Air Pollution Air pollution occurs when harmful gases, smoke, dust, and chemicals are released into the atmosphere. Major sources of air pollution include vehicles, factories, burning of waste, and construction activities. Polluted air causes serious health problems such as asthma, lung diseases, and heart disorders, especially in children and the elderly. It also harms plants, animals, and buildings. Smog in cities reduces visibility and lowers the quality of life. Air pollution can be...

learners of UKG to grade 3 participated in a heart warming and meaningful In house RIDS activity 3 representing India, Japan Vietnam and Singapore and aligning with SDG 2, 3 and 4 are young learners proudly showcased India's rich culture and values reflecting unity diversity and global understanding. #UKG to grade 3   

In association with 𝐂𝐈𝐄 – 𝐂𝐨𝐧𝐬𝐨𝐫𝐭𝐢𝐮𝐦 𝐟𝐨𝐫 𝐈𝐧𝐭𝐞𝐫𝐧𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧𝐚𝐥 𝐄𝐝𝐮𝐜𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧, a Career Fair was successfully organised at JKGISV for 𝐆𝐫𝐚𝐝𝐞𝐬 𝐗 & 𝐗𝐈𝐈 𝐬𝐭𝐮𝐝𝐞𝐧𝐭𝐬 𝐨𝐧 𝟏𝟖𝐭𝐡 𝐃𝐞𝐜𝐞𝐦𝐛𝐞𝐫 𝐚𝐭 𝟗:𝟎𝟎 𝐚.𝐦. Students interacted directly with the representatives of leading universities, exploring diverse higher-education pathways and new-age career options that broadened their horizons and deepened their understanding of global opportunities. #𝐆𝐫𝐚𝐝𝐞𝐬 𝐗  #GRADE XII

The Soldier Who Outlived a Century — The Story of R. Madhavan Pillai In the bustling township of Rangoon, in the sun-lit spring of 1926, a child named R. Madhavan Pillai entered a world still waiting to breathe free. The streets echoed with Burmese chatter, but in the homes of Tamil migrants, lullabies carried memories of India — a motherland seen only in dreams across the sea. As Madhavan grew, the world grew restless. At sixteen, he watched soldiers march, borders shift, and a...

Oganesson is the last element of the periodic table, represented by Og. It is a superheavy noble gas studied for atomic research.

  Tennessine is a radioactive halogen represented by Ts. It exists only in laboratories.  

  Livermorium is a superheavy element represented by Lv. It is studied in nuclear science.  

Moscovium is a radioactive synthetic element represented by Mc. It has no practical uses.  

Flerovium is a superheavy element represented by Fl. It is used only for research.  

Nihonium is a synthetic element represented by Nh. It is named after Japan and studied in laboratories.  

Copernicium is a radioactive synthetic element represented by Cn. It helps scientists study heavy metals.  

Roentgenium is a synthetic element represented by Rg. It is used only for research.  

Darmstadtium is a superheavy element represented by Ds. It is produced artificially and studied scientifically.

Meitnerium is a synthetic radioactive element represented by Mt. It has no practical applications.  

Hassium is a superheavy synthetic element represented by Hs. It is studied in nuclear research facilities.  

Bohrium is a short-lived radioactive element represented by Bh. It exists only in laboratories.  

Seaborgium is a synthetic element represented by Sg. It is studied to understand nuclear chemistry.  

Dubnium is a radioactive synthetic element represented by Db. It is used only in research laboratories.

  Rutherfordium is a synthetic superheavy element represented by Rf. It exists only for a short time and is studied for understanding atomic behavior.  

Lawrencium is the last actinide element, represented by Lr. It is used only in advanced nuclear research and has no commercial applications.  

Nobelium is a radioactive synthetic element represented by No. It is used only for scientific experiments to study actinide chemistry.  

Mendelevium is a synthetic radioactive element represented by Md. It is used only in laboratory research and is named after Dmitri Mendeleev, the creator of the periodic table.  

Fermium is a synthetic radioactive metal represented by Fm. It is produced in nuclear reactions and used solely for research purposes. Fermium helps scientists understand atomic structure.  

Einsteinium is a synthetic radioactive element represented by Es. It is used only in scientific research to study heavy elements. Due to its instability, it has no everyday uses.  

  Californium is a powerful radioactive metal represented by Cf. It is used in neutron radiography, cancer treatment, and detecting explosives. Californium plays an important role in nuclear science.  

  Berkelium is a synthetic radioactive element represented by Bk. It is used mainly for research purposes, especially in the creation of heavier elements. Berkelium has no commercial applications.  

  Curium is a radioactive actinide metal represented by Cm. Curium is used in scientific research and as a power source in space missions. It helps scientists study radioactive properties and nuclear reactions.  

Americium is a synthetic radioactive metal represented by Am. Americium is commonly used in smoke detectors, where it helps detect fire by ionizing air. It is also used in industrial gauges and scientific research.  

  Plutonium is a heavy radioactive metal represented by Pu. Plutonium is used in nuclear weapons, space probes, and nuclear reactors. Plutonium-238 is used as a power source in spacecraft. Due to its extreme toxicity and radioactivity, strict safety controls are necessary.

Neptunium is a radioactive actinide metal represented by Np. It is mainly used in nuclear research and as a precursor for producing plutonium. Neptunium has limited practical applications and is handled only in specialized laboratories.  

Uranium is a heavy radioactive metal represented by U. It is well known for its role in nuclear energy. Uranium is used as fuel in nuclear power plants to generate electricity. It is also used in nuclear weapons and medical research. Controlled use of uranium provides large amounts of energy, but it must be managed carefully due to radiation hazards.

Protactinium is a rare, dense radioactive metal represented by Pa. It belongs to the actinide series. Protactinium has no major commercial uses because of its scarcity and radioactivity. It is mainly used in scientific research to study nuclear reactions and radioactive decay. Handling protactinium requires extreme safety precautions.  

Thorium is a silvery-white radioactive metal represented by Th. It is more abundant than uranium. Thorium is being studied as a nuclear fuel because it produces less radioactive waste. It is also used in gas mantles, alloys, and scientific research. Thorium has the potential to play an important role in future energy solutions.

Actinium is a highly radioactive metal represented by Ac. It marks the beginning of the actinide series. Actinium is used in medical research, particularly in targeted radiation therapy for cancer. Because of its radioactivity, it is handled only in specialized laboratories.  

Radium is a radioactive alkaline earth metal represented by Ra. Radium was once used in luminous paints and medical treatments. However, due to its harmful radiation, its use is now limited. Today, radium is used mainly in research and cancer treatment studies under controlled conditions.  

Francium is an extremely rare and highly reactive alkali metal represented by Fr. Francium has no practical commercial uses due to its instability and rarity. It is mainly studied in atomic research to understand the behavior of alkali metals. Francium exists only in tiny amounts in nature.  

Radon is a radioactive noble gas represented by Rn. It is colorless, odorless, and tasteless. Radon is produced naturally from the decay of uranium in rocks and soil. High levels of radon gas indoors can cause lung cancer, making it a serious health concern. Radon detection and ventilation systems help reduce exposure.  

Astatine is a very rare radioactive halogen represented by At. It is the least abundant naturally occurring element. Astatine is mainly used in medical research, especially in targeted cancer therapy. Scientists are studying astatine for its potential in nuclear medicine. Because it is extremely rare, its properties are still being researched.  

Polonium is a rare and highly radioactive metal represented by Po. Polonium is used in anti-static devices, nuclear research, and scientific experiments. Due to its extreme radioactivity and toxicity, polonium is handled only under strict safety conditions. It has no common everyday uses.  

Bismuth is a shiny, brittle metal represented by Bi. Unlike most heavy metals, bismuth is non-toxic. Bismuth is used in medicines for stomach disorders, cosmetics, and low-melting alloys. It is also used in fire detection systems and decorative crystals. Bismuth is considered an environmentally friendly alternative to lead.  

Lead is a heavy, bluish-grey metal represented by Pb. It is soft, malleable, and resistant to corrosion. Lead has been used since ancient times in pipes, paints, and batteries. Today, it is mainly used in car batteries, radiation shielding, and soundproofing materials. Because lead is toxic, its use in paints and fuels has been reduced to protect human health and the environment.  

Thallium is a soft, grey post-transition metal represented by the symbol Tl. It resembles lead in appearance and is highly toxic in nature. Thallium was once used in rat poisons and insecticides, but due to its extreme toxicity, such uses are now banned. Today, thallium is used in electronic devices, optical lenses, infrared detectors, and medical imaging equipment. Thallium compounds are also used in research and specialized industrial applications. Careful handling is essential due to its...

Mercury is a shiny, silvery liquid metal represented by Hg. It is the only metal that is liquid at room temperature. Mercury has been used in thermometers, barometers, and scientific instruments. However, due to its toxic nature, its use is now limited. Mercury pollution can harm humans and the environment, so safer alternatives are preferred today.  

Gold is a bright yellow precious metal represented by Au. It is known for its beauty and resistance to corrosion. Gold is used in jewelry, coins, electronics, dentistry, and space technology. It conducts electricity well and does not tarnish, making it valuable in electronic circuits. Gold has been treasured by humans for thousands of years.  

Platinum is a precious, silvery-white transition metal represented by Pt. Platinum is widely used in jewelry, catalytic converters, medical devices, and chemical industries. It helps reduce pollution by converting harmful gases into safer ones. Platinum is also used in cancer treatment drugs.  

Iridium is a very hard, corrosion-resistant transition metal represented by Ir. Iridium is used in spark plugs, crucibles, space technology, and deep-sea equipment. It is also used in cancer treatment and scientific research. Iridium’s durability makes it valuable in extreme conditions.  

Osmium is a bluish-grey transition metal represented by Os. It is the densest naturally occurring element. Osmium is used in fountain pen tips, electrical contacts, and precision instruments. Osmium compounds are also used in biological staining for microscopes. Due to its toxicity, it must be handled carefully.  

Rhenium is a rare, dense transition metal represented by Re. Rhenium is used in jet engine turbines, electrical contacts, and thermocouples. It improves the strength and heat resistance of superalloys. Rhenium is one of the most valuable elements in aerospace engineering.  

Tungsten is a very strong metal represented by W. It has the highest melting point of all metals. Tungsten is used in light bulb filaments, cutting tools, X-ray tubes, and military equipment. Its ability to withstand extreme heat makes it essential in industrial and scientific applications.  

Tantalum is a hard, blue-grey transition metal represented by Ta. It is highly resistant to corrosion. Tantalum is commonly used in electronic capacitors, especially in mobile phones, laptops, and medical devices. It is also used in surgical instruments and jet engines. Tantalum is very important in modern electronics.

Hafnium is a shiny, corrosion-resistant transition metal represented by Hf. It is often found together with zirconium. Hafnium is widely used in nuclear reactors because it absorbs neutrons effectively. It is also used in microprocessors, aerospace components, and heat-resistant alloys. Hafnium plays a crucial role in advanced technology and nuclear safety.  

Lutetium is a hard, silvery-white rare earth metal represented by Lu. It is the last element of the lanthanide series and is one of the densest rare earth metals. Lutetium is mainly used in medical imaging, especially in PET scan detectors. It is also used in catalysts for petroleum refining and in research laboratories. Because of its rarity and high cost, lutetium is used only in specialized applications.

Ytterbium is a soft, silvery lanthanide metal represented by Yb. Ytterbium is used in atomic clocks, lasers, stainless steel alloys, and stress sensors. It improves the performance of materials and precision instruments. Ytterbium is also used in quantum research and modern physics experiments.  

Thulium is the least abundant lanthanide metal, represented by Tm. Thulium is used in portable X-ray machines, lasers, and research equipment. Though rare and expensive, thulium is useful in advanced medical technology and scientific studies.  

Erbium is a silvery-pink rare earth metal represented by Er. Erbium is widely used in fiber optic communication systems, especially in optical amplifiers. It helps transmit internet and phone signals over long distances. Erbium is also used in lasers for medical and industrial purposes.  

Holmium is a shiny lanthanide metal represented by Ho. It has the strongest magnetic properties of any element. Holmium is used in lasers, nuclear reactors, and medical instruments. It is also used in calibration standards for spectrophotometers. Holmium is valuable in scientific research.  

Dysprosium is a bright, silvery rare earth metal represented by Dy. Dysprosium is used in high-performance magnets, especially in electric vehicles and wind turbines. It helps magnets maintain strength at high temperatures. Dysprosium plays an important role in renewable energy technology.  

Terbium is a rare, silvery lanthanide metal represented by Tb. Terbium is used in solid-state devices, green phosphors for lighting, and electronic displays. It is also used in sonar systems and temperature sensors. Terbium improves the efficiency of electronic devices.  

Gadolinium is a silvery lanthanide metal represented by Gd. It has excellent magnetic properties. Gadolinium is used in MRI contrast agents to improve medical imaging. It is also used in nuclear reactors, electronic components, and data storage devices. Gadolinium helps doctors detect diseases more accurately.  

Europium is a soft rare earth metal represented by Eu. It is highly reactive and oxidizes quickly. Europium is widely used in phosphorescent materials. It gives red and blue colors in television screens, LED lights, fluorescent lamps, and digital displays. Europium is essential for producing high-quality visual technology.  

  Samarium is a silvery lanthanide metal represented by Sm. It is moderately hard and reacts slowly with air. Samarium is used to make samarium-cobalt magnets, which are strong and heat-resistant. These magnets are used in aerospace technology, headphones, and precision instruments. Samarium compounds are also used in cancer treatment and nuclear reactor control rods.  

Promethium is a radioactive rare earth metal represented by the symbol Pm. It is extremely rare in nature and is mostly produced artificially in nuclear reactors. Promethium is used in nuclear batteries, luminous paints, and scientific research. It provides a steady source of energy due to its radioactive decay. Because of its radioactivity, promethium is handled only under strict safety conditions and is not used in daily life products.  

  Neodymium is a strong rare earth metal represented by Nd. Neodymium is famous for making powerful permanent magnets, known as neodymium magnets. These magnets are used in headphones, speakers, electric motors, wind turbines, and hard drives. Neodymium plays a vital role in modern renewable energy and electronic devices.

  Praseodymium is a soft, silvery lanthanide metal represented by Pr. It is used in magnets, aircraft engines, studio lighting, and colored glass. Praseodymium compounds give glass a yellow-green color and are also used in protective goggles for welders.  

  Cerium is a shiny rare earth metal represented by Ce. It easily reacts with oxygen. Cerium is used in catalytic converters, glass polishing powders, and self-cleaning ovens. It is also used in lighter flints and fuel additives. Cerium helps reduce pollution by converting harmful gases into safer substances.  

  Barium is a silvery alkaline earth metal represented by Ba. Barium compounds are used in medical X-ray imaging, especially barium sulfate (BaSO₄) to view the digestive system. Barium is also used in drilling fluids, fireworks, and glass manufacturing. While some compounds are useful, pure barium is toxic and must be handled carefully.  

  Cesium is a soft, golden-colored alkali metal represented by Cs. It is one of the most reactive elements. Cesium is used in atomic clocks, which are the most accurate time-measuring devices in the world. These clocks are used in GPS systems, satellites, and telecommunications. Because cesium reacts violently with water, it is stored carefully under oil.  

  Xenon is a noble gas represented by Xe. It is colorless, odorless, and chemically inactive. Xenon is used in flash lamps, arc lamps, lasers, and high-intensity lighting. It is also used in medical anesthesia and space technology. Xenon plays a role in advanced scientific research because of its stable nature.  

  Iodine is a dark, shiny halogen non-metal represented by I₂. It easily changes from solid to gas. Iodine is very important for human health as it helps in the proper functioning of the thyroid gland. Iodized salt prevents iodine deficiency diseases. Iodine is also used as an antiseptic, in medicines, photography, and chemical laboratories.  

  Tellurium is a rare metalloid represented by Te. It is silvery-white and brittle. Tellurium is used in semiconductors, solar panels, and thermoelectric devices that convert heat into electricity. It is also used to improve the quality of steel and copper. In small amounts, tellurium compounds are used in rubber processing and electronic materials.  

Antimony is a shiny, grey metalloid represented by the symbol Sb. It has properties of both metals and non-metals and is brittle in nature. Antimony is mainly used in alloys to increase hardness and strength. It is added to lead to make batteries, bullets, and cable coverings stronger. Antimony compounds are also used in flame retardants, medicines, and glass manufacturing. Though useful, antimony must be handled carefully because excessive exposure can be harmful.  

  Tin is a soft, shiny metal represented by Sn. It is resistant to corrosion and has been used by humans for thousands of years. Tin is used to make alloys such as bronze, solder, and pewter. It is also used to coat iron to prevent rusting, such as in tin cans for food storage. Tin plays an important role in construction and electronics.