Continuing our exploration of the Sustainable Development Goals, we arrive at SDG 6, Clean Water and Sanitation. This goal aims to ensure availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for all. Recognizing that access to safe and affordable drinking water and adequate sanitation are fundamental human rights and essential for health, dignity, and prosperity, SDG 6 addresses critical challenges that affect billions of people worldwide.  

The scope of SDG 6 is comprehensive, encompassing the entire water cycle and sanitation systems. Its targets include achieving universal and equitable access to safe and affordable drinking water for all; achieving access to adequate and equitable sanitation and hygiene for all and ending open defecation, paying special attention to the needs of women and girls and those in vulnerable situations; improving water quality by reducing pollution, eliminating dumping and minimizing release of hazardous chemicals and materials, halving the proportion of untreated wastewater and substantially increasing recycling and safe reuse globally; substantially increasing water-use efficiency across all sectors and ensuring sustainable withdrawals and supply of freshwater to address water scarcity and substantially reduce the number of people suffering from water stress; implementing integrated water resources management at all levels, including through transboundary cooperation as appropriate; protecting and restoring water-related ecosystems, including mountains, forests, wetlands, rivers, aquifers and lakes; and expanding international cooperation and capacity-building support to developing countries in water- and sanitation-related activities and programmes, including water harvesting, desalination, water efficiency, wastewater treatment, recycling and reuse technologies.  

Access to clean water and sanitation has profound impacts on public health, economic productivity, and environmental sustainability. Lack of access to safe water and sanitation contributes to the spread of waterborne diseases, which are a major cause of illness and death, particularly among children. It also affects educational attainment, as children (especially girls) may spend significant time collecting water instead of attending school. Furthermore, inadequate sanitation can lead to environmental pollution and the degradation of water resources.

Despite progress in increasing access to improved water sources and sanitation facilities, significant disparities remain. Billions of people, particularly in rural areas and developing countries, still lack access to safely managed water and sanitation. Water scarcity is also an increasing challenge in many parts of the world, exacerbated by climate change and population growth.

Achieving SDG 6 requires integrated and sustainable approaches to water management and sanitation service delivery. This includes investing in water infrastructure, such as treatment plants and distribution networks, as well as sanitation facilities and wastewater management systems. It also involves promoting water conservation and efficiency measures across all sectors, protecting and restoring water ecosystems, and implementing integrated water resources management at local, national, and transboundary levels.

Technological innovation plays a crucial role in addressing water and sanitation challenges. This includes the development of affordable and effective water treatment technologies, water-efficient irrigation systems, and innovative sanitation solutions. Furthermore, promoting hygiene education and behavioral change is essential for ensuring the safe and sustainable use of water and sanitation facilities.

In Hyderabad, with its growing urban population and increasing water demands, ensuring clean water and sanitation for all is a critical concern. Initiatives focused on improving water supply infrastructure, managing wastewater effectively, promoting rainwater harvesting, and raising awareness about water conservation are vital for achieving SDG 6 in the local context. Protecting the quality of the Musi River and other local water bodies is also essential for the health and well-being of the city's residents.

Achieving universal access to clean water and sanitation by 2030 is a crucial step towards a more sustainable and equitable world. It requires strong political commitment, adequate investment, effective governance, and the participation of all stakeholders. By prioritizing SDG 6, we invest in the health, dignity, and prosperity of communities, and safeguard our vital water resources for future generations. Today, on April 18th, 2025, let us reaffirm our commitment to ensuring that everyone in Hyderabad and across the globe has access to this essential foundation for life and sustainable development.