Earth is the place where we live.

Basic Facts

  • Age: Approximately 4.5 billion years old.

  • Size: The fifth-largest planet in the solar system with a diameter of about 12,742 km (7,918 miles).

  • Orbit: It orbits the Sun at an average distance of about 93 million miles (150 million kilometers).

  • Rotation and Revolution: One rotation takes about 24 hours (a day), and one revolution around the Sun takes about 365.25 days (a year).

Structure

  • Layers: Earth is composed of several layers: the crust, the mantle, and the core (which is divided into the outer core and inner core).

  • Surface: About 71% of the Earth's surface is covered by water, primarily the oceans. The remaining 29% consists of continents and islands.

Atmosphere

  • Composition: The atmosphere is primarily made up of nitrogen (78%) and oxygen (21%), with trace amounts of other gases like carbon dioxide, argon, and neon.

  • Layers: It is divided into layers including the troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere, and exosphere.

Life and Ecosystems

  • Biodiversity: Earth is teeming with diverse life forms, ranging from microscopic bacteria to enormous whales.

  • Biomes: Various ecosystems exist, including forests, deserts, grasslands, and oceans, each with its own unique flora and fauna.

Natural Phenomena

  • Weather and Climate: Earth experiences a wide range of weather conditions and climates due to its rotation, tilt, and varied topography.

  • Geological Activity: The planet is geologically active with phenomena such as earthquakes, volcanoes, and tectonic plate movements.

Human Influence

  • Civilizations: Humans have developed complex societies and civilizations, significantly impacting the planet through agriculture, industry, and urbanization.

  • Environmental Impact: Activities like deforestation, pollution, and climate change are currently affecting Earth's ecosystems and atmosphere.

Fun Fact

  • Moon: Earth has one natural satellite, the Moon, which is about 1/6th the size of Earth and influences tides through its gravitational pull.