Understanding the stock market involves grasping how it functions and its key components. The stock market is a platform where **shares** of publicly traded companies are bought and sold. **Stocks** represent ownership in a company, and their prices fluctuate based on factors like company performance, economic conditions, and market sentiment. Investors aim to buy low and sell high to make a profit, while traders may engage in short-term strategies. Key elements include **stock exchanges** (like the NYSE and NASDAQ), **indexes** (such as the S&P 500), and **market orders** (buying or selling at current prices) or **limit orders** (buying or selling at specific prices). Understanding these basics helps investors make informed decisions and navigate the complexities of the market.