The evolution of feminism and gender equality movements spans several waves, each addressing different aspects of gender inequality. **First-wave feminism** (late 19th to early 20th century) focused on legal issues and suffrage, achieving milestones like women's right to vote. **Second-wave feminism** (1960s-1980s) tackled workplace inequality, reproductive rights, and sexual liberation. **Third-wave feminism** (1990s-2000s) embraced diversity, intersectionality, and challenged traditional gender norms. **Fourth-wave feminism** (2010s-present) utilizes digital platforms to address issues like sexual harassment and gender identity, promoting inclusivity and systemic change. These movements collectively advance gender equality, striving for equal rights and opportunities across all aspects of society.