The Mariana Trench is the deepest part of the world's oceans, located in the western Pacific Ocean. It's a crescent-shaped depression in the seafloor, reaching a maximum known depth of 10,984 meters (36,037 feet) at its deepest point, Challenger Deep. This makes it deeper than Mount Everest is tall.
Here's a more detailed breakdown:
Location:
The Mariana Trench is situated east of the Mariana Islands in the western Pacific Ocean.
Shape and Size:
It's a long, narrow trench, approximately 2,550 kilometers (1,580 miles) long and 69 kilometers (43 miles) wide.
Depth:
The deepest point, Challenger Deep, is about 10,984 meters (36,037 feet) deep.
Geological Context:
The trench is a result of plate tectonics, specifically the subduction of the Pacific Plate under the Mariana Plate.
Unique Environment:
The Mariana Trench is a unique environment with extreme pressure, low temperatures, and complete darkness. Despite these harsh conditions, some organisms have adapted to life in the trench, including deep-sea crustaceans like Hirondellea gigas.
Exploration:
It has been explored by various expeditions, including the historic Trieste dive in 1960 and James Cameron's solo dive in 2012.