Global warming refers to the long-term rise in Earth's average temperature, primarily due to human activities such as burning fossil fuels, deforestation, and industrial processes. These activities release greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane into the atmosphere, trapping heat and causing the planet to warm. This warming leads to more frequent and severe weather events, such as heatwaves, hurricanes, and wildfires, while also causing glaciers and ice sheets to melt, contributing to rising sea levels.

The consequences of global warming are far-reaching, affecting ecosystems, biodiversity, and human societies. It threatens food security, displaces populations, and exacerbates health problems. To mitigate global warming, efforts must focus on reducing greenhouse gas emissions, transitioning to renewable energy sources, and adopting sustainable practices. Collective global action is crucial to limit warming to below 1.5°C, as recommended by the Paris Agreement, to avoid catastrophic impacts on the planet.