The evolution of the English language spans several periods:

1. **Old English (ca. 450–1150 AD)**: Originating from Anglo-Saxon tribes, Old English was influenced by Germanic languages. Key works like Beowulf are written in this period, characterized by a complex system of inflections and vocabulary.

2. **Middle English (ca. 1150–1500 AD)**: This period saw significant changes due to Norman French influence after the Norman Conquest of 1066. Middle English features a simplified grammatical structure and an expanded vocabulary with many French loanwords. Geoffrey Chaucer's "The Canterbury Tales" exemplifies this stage.

3. **Early Modern English (ca. 1500–1700 AD)**: Marked by the Great Vowel Shift and the standardization of spelling and grammar. The invention of the printing press helped stabilize the language. Shakespeare's works and the King James Bible are notable examples from this period.

4. **Modern English (1700–present)**: Characterized by further standardization, the expansion of vocabulary due to global exploration, and influences from other languages. Contemporary English continues to evolve, incorporating digital and cultural changes.

These stages illustrate the dynamic nature of English as it adapts and grows over time.