Air pollution has significant adverse effects on health. Exposure to pollutants like **particulate matter (PM2.5)**, **nitrogen dioxide (NO2)**, and **ozone (O3)** can lead to respiratory issues, such as **asthma**, **chronic bronchitis**, and **chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)**. Long-term exposure increases the risk of **cardiovascular diseases**, including **heart attacks** and **stroke**. Air pollution can also exacerbate **pre-existing health conditions** and affect **lung development** in children. Additionally, pollutants have been linked to **cancer**, particularly **lung cancer**. Reducing exposure through cleaner air policies and practices is crucial for improving public health.