The science of human evolution explores how **Homo sapiens** evolved from early hominids over millions of years. The process began with **australopithecines** around 4 million years ago, leading to the emergence of **genus Homo**, including species like **Homo habilis** and **Homo erectus**. Key developments include the growth of **brain size**, **bipedalism**, and **tool use**. Fossil evidence, **genetic studies**, and **comparative anatomy** provide insights into our evolutionary lineage. The migration out of Africa and adaptation to diverse environments shaped the modern human species. Understanding human evolution helps us grasp our biological and cultural development and the factors influencing human diversity.