At this stage of the development of modern society, special attention is paid to such an important issue as the preservation of environmental sustainability. Such a path of development should meet all vital human needs and promote the emergence and proper development of future generations. However, there is a tendency to neglect this vector of actions, which negatively affects the environment. Environmental sustainability is considered by many researchers as an integral part of the sustainable development process. It is defined as the ability of the natural system to maintain and preserve important functions under the influence of negative and positive internal and external factors. The main measure of this indicator is the environmental sustainability index. It includes many different parameters, among which the state of ecosystems, the health of the population from the point of view of ecology, the functions undertaken by society and its institutions, including the state, can be highlighted. The study of the literature on environmental sustainability is of particular value, as it can show the importance of adhering to this policy not only for the environment but also for humanity as a whole. Moreover, this analysis will help to identify possible ways of development and improvement that can be applied by various institutions and bodies.