Volcanoes are natural openings in the Earth’s crust.
They allow hot molten rock called magma to escape to the surface.
Volcanoes are usually found along tectonic plate boundaries.
Some volcanoes are active and erupt frequently.
Dormant volcanoes are quiet but may erupt again.
Extinct volcanoes are not expected to erupt in the future.
When magma reaches the surface, it is called lava.
Volcanic eruptions can release ash, gases, and lava.
Ash clouds can affect air travel and climate.
Lava can destroy land, homes, and forests.
Volcanoes can also create new land and islands.
Volcanic soil is often very fertile for farming.
Scientists study volcanoes to predict eruptions.
Volcanoes help us understand the Earth’s interior.
Famous volcanoes include Mount Fuji and Mount Vesuvius.
Some volcanoes are found under the ocean.
Volcanoes can be dangerous but also beneficial.
They are a powerful force of nature.